Welding produces hazardous fumes that can cause serious respiratory problems and long-term health risks if not controlled. In the UK, the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (COSHH) requires employers to protect workers from exposure — making effective fume extraction not just best practice, but a legal requirement.
The most effective solution is a welding fume extractor. These systems capture and filter fumes at the source, improving air quality, protecting workers, and ensuring compliance.
Regulations → COSHH requires adequate local exhaust ventilation (LEV).
Guide Airflow Rates
Workspace Size
No. of Welders
MIG Welding
TIG Welding
Small
1–2
1000–1200 CFM
800–1000 CFM
Medium
2–4
1200–1500 CFM
1000–1200 CFM
Large
4–6
1500–2000 CFM
1200–1500 CFM
Extra Large
6+
2000–2500 CFM
1500–2000 CFM
Filter Types & Applications
Filter Type
Removes
Best For
Pre-Filter / Spark Arrestor
Large particles, sparks
Protects main filter, general welding
HEPA (99.97%)
Fine particulates incl. hexavalent chromium
Stainless steel, toxic alloy welding
Activated Carbon
Gases, VOCs, ozone
TIG aluminium/stainless with ozone concerns
MERV 13–16
Medium–fine particulates
General fabrication, mild steel welding
Common Welding Fumes & Hazards
Material Welded
Main Fume Hazard
Health Risks
Mild Steel
Iron oxide
Metal fume fever
Stainless Steel
Hexavalent Chromium
Carcinogenic, lung damage
Galvanised Steel
Zinc oxide
“Zinc chills” / flu-like symptoms
Aluminium
Aluminium oxide + ozone
Respiratory irritation
Nickel Alloys
Nickel oxide
Asthma, cancer risk
Workplace Exposure Limits (UK – EH40/2005)
Substance
WEL (8-hr TWA)
Notes
Welding Fume (general dust)
5 mg/m³
Must be controlled via LEV
Hexavalent Chromium (Cr VI)
0.01 mg/m³
Carcinogenic – HEPA required
Nickel Compounds
0.1 mg/m³
Sensitiser – specialist filtration
Ozone (from TIG/Al welding)
0.2 ppm
Activated carbon recommended
Maintenance & Safety Tips
Filters → Inspect and replace/clean per schedule.
Suction → Test airflow regularly; low suction = clogged filter or leak.
Motor Brushes → Replace when worn to avoid power loss.
Hoses & Connections → Inspect for cracks, leaks, or blockages.
Storage → Keep upright, dry, away from sparks/spatter.
Records → Maintain logs for COSHH compliance.
Fume Extractor Troubleshooting
Symptom
Likely Cause
Solution
Weak suction
Clogged filter / blocked hose
Clean or replace filter; clear hose
Excess noise/vibration
Worn brushes or bearings
Replace parts
Smoke escaping housing
Filter not seated / damaged gasket
Reseat or replace gasket
Unit won’t start
Power issue / blown motor
Check power, cables, fuses; service motor
Final Thoughts
A welding fume extractor isn’t just a workshop upgrade — it’s a legal and health necessity. Choosing the right type, meeting airflow requirements, and maintaining it properly ensures:
✅ Health protection for welders
✅ Compliance with COSHH & HSE regulations
✅ Increased productivity with fewer sick days
✅ Longer equipment life with proper maintenance
👉 Explore our range of fume extractors from Kemper, Nederman, and Weldability SIF — and create a cleaner, safer workshop today.
